The Mole and Number of Particles

The number of particles in matter is measured in mole

Definition: The amount of substance that contains as many particles as the number of atoms in exactly 12 g of carbon-12 

Symbol of mole : mol

How many atoms are there in 12 g of carbon-12?
= 6.023 x 10²³

• The value of 6.023 x 10²³ is called the Avogadro constant or Avogadro number 
• Avogadro constant, N_A is the number of particles in one mole of a substance

point to note : 

1 mol of any subtances contain 6.023 x 10²³ particles(atom,molecule,unit of ions)

Example

A closed glass bottle contains 0.5 mol of oxygen gas, O_2. How many oxygen molecules, O₂ are there in the bottle?

The number of oxygen molecules, O₂ = 0.5 mol

number of mole x N_A 

= 0.5 mol × 6.02 × 10²³ mol^-1 

= 3.01 × 10²³ molecules 

Concept of Relative Atomic Mass and Relative Molecular Mass

Relative Atomic Mass (R.A.M). RAM is the mass of an atom as it compares to the mass of a carbon atom and has no units. Since it is a ratio, the units cancel out themselves. Carbon was chosen as the standard to which other atoms are measured because it is found in a large number of compounds.

Carbon has a given mass of 12g
The relative molecular mass of each element is listed in the periodic table of elements. For example the RAM of hydrogen, sodium and chlorine is 1, 23 and 35.5 respectively.

Relative Molecular Mass
Molecular compounds contain more than one type of atom, example MgO. So the relatively molecular mass of a compound is the addition of all the atomic masses of each atom in the formula. Some compounds are made up of ions rather than atoms, hence we use the term 

Relative Formula Mass (R.F.M) which incorporates atomic, molecular and ionic compounds

For future detail, you can  here.

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Name : Nor Ain Binti Mohamed Arifin

Birthday :22 December 1994

Age : 23 Years old

Address : Kuantan,Pahang

School : SK Jaya Gading

SMK Sultanah Hajjah Kalsom 

Graduated in Dilploma Science at UPSI

Currently study in Bachelor Education Chemistry at UPSI

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